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What made our study unique is that we additionally imposed selection arising from metapopulation structure.

In the fly , females mate with multiple males.

Verboven and her colleagues experimentally enhanced maternal condition by supplementary feeding Larus fuscus during egg formation and compared the concentrations of steroids including testosterone in their eggs with those in eggs laid by control females.

Secretions of male accessory glands constitute the seminal plasma.

Biological actions of the steroid hormone testosterone.

Singh, S R; Singh, Bashisth N.

Perimetrium — external thin membranous• Meiosis II is also unequal and results in the formation of a second polar body and a haploid ovum ootid.

CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list• HOW SHOULD WE REPORT ABUSE? Thus the female has the potential to determine the sex of her young by whether she ovulates male or female eggs.

Certain butterflies, after enticing the female, will pick her up and fly her away from the vicinity of potential males.

Proceedings National Academy of Sciences 103: 18633-18637.

Emergency medical technicians EMTs and paramedics• Females may select males that have these superior "good sperm" genes because it means that their offspring will be more viable and will inherit the "good sperm" genes which will increase their fitness levels when their sperm competes.